Armed conflicts and attacks

• Israel–Hezbollah conflict
  • Around 105 Hezbollah rockets hit the northern Israeli city of Haifa in the heaviest barrage fired at the city since the start of the war. (The Telegraph)
  • The Israel Defense Forces say that they killed Suhail Hussein Husseini, the head of Hezbollah's logistical headquarters and a member of the Jihad Council. (Times of Israel)
• Israel's role in the Syrian civil war
  • Seven people are killed in an Israeli strike on a residential building in Damascus, Syria. (Reuters)

Health and environment

• The Environmental Protection Agency sets a 10-year deadline to replace all lead water pipes in the United States. (AP)

Science and technology

• Nobel Prize in Physics
  • American physicist John Hopfield and computer scientist Geoffrey Hinton are awarded this year's Nobel Prize in Physics "for foundational discoveries and inventions that enable machine learning with artificial neural networks". (The Guardian)

Armed conflicts and attacks

• Russian invasion of Ukraine
  • Crimea attacks
    • An oil terminal in Feodosia, the largest oil facility in Russian-occupied Crimea, catches fire following an overnight drone attack by Ukrainian forces. Russian state media reports that a state of emergency has been declared in Feodosia due to a "human-made disaster". (Ukrainska Pravda)
  • Eastern Ukraine campaign
    • One person is killed and six others, including two children, are injured in Russian shelling that hit several apartment buildings in Sloviansk, Donetsk Oblast, Ukraine. (Reuters)
  • Southern Ukraine campaign
    • Russian missiles strike two cargo ships in the Port of Odesa, including a Palau-flagged ship carrying grain, killing a port worker and injuring five crew members. (Reuters)
• Israel–Hamas war
  • Hamas, Hezbollah, and the Houthis launch rockets and missiles towards Tel Aviv, Haifa, and Tiberias, Israel, on the anniversary of the Hamas-led attack on Israel. Twelve people are reportedly injured. (The Times of Israel) (Reuters)

Disasters and accidents

• 2024 Atlantic hurricane season
  • Hurricane Milton
    • Hurricane Milton intensifies into a Category 5 hurricane with a minimum central pressure of 897 millibars. (National Hurricane Center)
    • Pasco, Hillsborough, and Pinellas counties in Florida, United States, close schools and order evacuations of residential healthcare facilities in advance of Hurricane Milton's arrival. (Tampa Bay Times)
• Ten people are killed and an unknown number of others are missing when a mine collapses in Central Province, Zambia. (AP)

Health and environment

• The Nigeria Centre for Disease Control reports more than 350 deaths from cholera in Nigeria this year, which is more than twice as many than in the same period last year. (DW)

International relations

• Philippines–South Korea relations
  • During a state visit by South Korean president Yoon Suk Yeol to the Philippines, the Philippines and South Korea agree to upgrade their relations to a strategic partnership. (ABC News)

Politics and elections

• Israel–Hamas war protests
  • 2024 Israeli protests
    • Israelis, including hostage families, protest outside Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu's official residence in Jerusalem. (NBC News) (ABC News)
  • Thousands of pro-Palestinian protests are held worldwide to mark the first anniversary of the Israeli invasion of the Gaza Strip. (Reuters)
• 2024 Georgian parliamentary election
  • The Parliament of Georgia initiates a motion to impeach pro-Western President Salome Zourabichvili over accusations of unauthorized overseas visits, ahead of the parliamentary election on October 26. (Reuters)
• 2024 Tunisian presidential election
  • Incumbent Tunisian President Kais Saied wins a second term with 90.7% of the vote in the presidential election. The Independent High Authority for Elections reports a voter turnout of 28.8%, the lowest since the 2011 Tunisian revolution. (Al Jazeera)
• Human rights in Pakistan
  • The Pakistani government bans the Pashtun Tahafuz Movement, a social movement for Pashtun human rights, calling the movement a "proscribed organization". (Al Jazeera)

Science and technology

• Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine
  • American biologists Victor Ambros and Gary Ruvkun are awarded this year's Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine "for the discovery of microRNA and its role in post-transcriptional gene regulation". (CNN)
• The European Space Agency spacecraft Hera is successfully launched on a Falcon 9 Block 5 rocket by SpaceX from the Cape Canaveral Space Force Station in Florida, United States. The spacecraft will study the asteroid 65803 Didymos and evaluate the impact of the earlier Double Asteroid Redirection Test. (Space News)

Armed conflicts and attacks

• Israel–Hamas war
  • 2024 Beersheba bus station shooting
    • A police officer is killed and thirteen other people are injured in Beersheba, Israel, in an incident described as a terrorist attack. The perpetrator is shot dead by security forces. (The Jerusalem Post)
  • Israeli invasion of the Gaza Strip
    • At least 26 people are killed in Israeli airstrikes allegedly targeting Hamas militants that hit a mosque and a school housing displaced Palestinians in Deir al-Balah in the Gaza Strip. (BBC News)
• Israel–Hezbollah conflict
  • 2024 Israeli invasion of Lebanon
    • Hezbollah claims that its attacks on Israeli soldiers trying to infiltrate Blida, Lebanon, forced the soldiers to retreat. (AFP via Barron's)
    • The Israeli military establishes a forward operating base near a United Nations peacekeeping force in Lebanon, putting peacekeepers at risk. UNIFIL has refused the Israeli military's request to move its positions. (Al Jazeera)
  • A rocket fired from Lebanon strikes a restaurant in Haifa, Israel, injuring at least six people. (The Jerusalem Post)
• Insurgency in Sindh
  • At least two people, both Chinese nationals, are killed and ten others are injured when an oil tanker truck exploded near Jinnah International Airport in Karachi, Pakistan. The separatist group Balochistan Liberation Army claims responsibility for the explosion, stating they targeted a convoy of Chinese workers of the Port Qasim Electric Power Company. (Crisis24) (Reuters)

Science and technology

• Europa Clipper
  • Due to Hurricane Milton, NASA cancels the launch of the Europa Clipper scheduled for October 10. (CBS News)